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March 19, 2025
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How to Fix CVE-2024-10442: Critical Off-by-One Vulnerability in Synology Replication Service and Unified Controller?
Synology recently addressed a critical security vulnerability, CVE-2024-10442, affecting its Replication Service and Unified Controller (DSMUC). This off-by-one error could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code, potentially leading to complete system compromise. This article provides security professionals with a comprehensive guide to understand, detect, and remediate this vulnerability, ensuring the integrity and availability of their Synology devices. This includes implementing necessary updates and mitigation strategies to safeguard against potential exploitation.
A Short Introduction to Synology Replication Service and Unified Controller
Synology Replication Service is a software package designed for data replication and disaster recovery. It enables users to create multiple copies of their data on different storage devices, ensuring business continuity in case of hardware failure, natural disasters, or other unforeseen events.
Synology Unified Controller (DSMUC) is a comprehensive solution that centralizes IT infrastructure management. It integrates various services, including file sharing, data backup, and application hosting, providing a unified platform for managing business operations. DSMUC simplifies IT administration and enhances overall system efficiency.
Summary of CVE-2024-10442
CVE ID: CVE-2024-10442
Description: An off-by-one error vulnerability exists in the transmission component of Synology Replication Service and Synology Unified Controller (DSMUC), potentially allowing remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.
CVSS Score: 10.0 (Critical)
CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVE-2024-10442 is a critical vulnerability stemming from an off-by-one error within the transmission component of Synology Replication Service and Unified Controller (DSMUC). This flaw allows unauthenticated remote attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code on affected systems. The vulnerability arises due to improper bounds checking, which could permit an attacker to write data beyond the allocated buffer. By sending a specially crafted input, an attacker can leverage this off-by-one error to overwrite critical system data, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. Given the severity and ease of exploitation, prompt remediation is crucial for organizations utilizing affected Synology products.
Impact of CVE-2024-10442
The exploitation of CVE-2024-10442 poses a significant threat, enabling remote attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code without requiring any user interaction. The consequences of this vulnerability include complete system compromise, allowing attackers to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data, manipulate critical system configurations, or even take full control of the affected Synology devices.
The potential impact extends beyond data breaches, as attackers can disrupt essential services, compromise system integrity, and utilize the compromised devices as a launchpad for further attacks within the network. The vulnerability's critical CVSS score of 10.0 underscores the severity of its potential impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, making prompt mitigation essential for maintaining a secure IT environment.
Products Affected by CVE-2024-10442
The following Synology products and versions are affected by CVE-2024-10442:
| Product | Severity | Fixed Release Availability |
|---|---|---|
| DSMUC 3.1 | Critical | Upgrade to 3.1.4-23079 or above. |
| Replication Service for DSM 7.2 | Critical | Upgrade to 1.3.0-0423 or above. |
| Replication Service for DSM 7.1 | Critical | Upgrade to 1.2.2-0353 or above. |
| Replication Service for DSM 6.2 | Critical | Upgrade to 1.0.12-0066 or above. |
It's crucial to verify the versions of Synology Replication Service and Unified Controller (DSMUC) in your environment and ensure they are updated to the latest patched versions to mitigate the risk posed by this vulnerability.
How to Check Your Product is Vulnerable?
Determining if your Synology Replication Service or Unified Controller is vulnerable to CVE-2024-10442 involves checking the installed version against the affected versions list. Follow these steps:
Log in to the Synology DSM interface.
Open Package Center: Navigate to the "Main Menu" and select "Package Center."
Check Installed Packages:
For Replication Service: Look for the "Replication Service" package and check its version.
For DSMUC: Navigate to "Control Panel" > "Info Center." The DSMUC version will be displayed under the "General" tab.
Compare the version number with the "Affected Products" table above. If your version is older than the listed "Fixed Release Availability," your system is vulnerable.
How to Fix the Vulnerabilities?
The primary remediation strategy is to update Synology Replication Service and Unified Controller (DSMUC) to the latest patched versions. Here's a detailed guide:
Back Up Your Data: Before performing any updates, ensure you have a recent backup of your data to prevent data loss in case of unforeseen issues.
Update Replication Service:
Open the "Package Center" in Synology DSM.
Search for "Replication Service."
If an update is available, click the "Update" button.
Ensure that Replication Service is updated to at least version 1.0.12-0066 (for DSM 6.2), 1.2.2-0353 (for DSM 7.1), or 1.3.0-0423 (for DSM 7.2).
Update DSMUC:
Go to "Control Panel" > "Update & Restore."
Check for available DSMUC updates.
If an update is available, download and install it.
Ensure that DSMUC is updated to at least version 3.1.4-23079.
Verify the Update: After the update, verify the version numbers in the Package Center or Control Panel to ensure the update was successful.
Additional Mitigation Measures:
Network Segmentation: Implement network segmentation to restrict access to Synology services. Place Synology devices in a separate network segment and limit access to trusted devices only.
Monitor Network Traffic: Monitor network traffic for suspicious remote access attempts. Use network intrusion detection systems (IDS) to detect and block unauthorized access attempts.
Principle of Least Privilege: Apply the principle of least privilege to limit the potential damage from a successful exploit. Grant users only the necessary permissions to perform their tasks.
Stay Informed: Monitor official Synology channels for any security updates or patches related to this vulnerability. Regularly check the Synology Security Advisory page for the latest information.
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Arun KL
Arun KL is a cybersecurity professional with 15+ years of experience in IT infrastructure, cloud security, vulnerability management, Penetration Testing, security operations, and incident response. He is adept at designing and implementing robust security solutions to safeguard systems and data. Arun holds multiple industry certifications including CCNA, CCNA Security, RHCE, CEH, and AWS Security.
